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Scarborough ( or )〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Scarborough )〕〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Scarborough )〕 is a town on the North Sea coast of North Yorkshire, England. Historically part of the North Riding of Yorkshire, the town lies between 10–230 feet (3–70 m) above sea level, rising steeply northward and westward from the harbour on to limestone cliffs. The older part of the town lies around the harbour and is protected by a rocky headland. With a population of just over 61,000, Scarborough is the largest holiday resort on the Yorkshire coast. The town has fishing and service industries, including a growing digital and creative economy, as well as being a tourist destination. Inhabitants of the town are known as Scarborians. ==Geography== The most striking feature of the town's geography is a high rocky promontory pointing eastward into the North Sea. The promontory supports the 11th-century ruins of Scarborough Castle and separates the seafront into two bays, to the north and south. The South Bay was the site of the original early medieval settlement and the harbour, which form the current 'old town' district. This remains the main tourist area, with a sandy beach, cafés, amusements, arcades, theatres and entertainment facilities. The modern commercial town centre has migrated north-west of the harbour area and above it, and contains the transport hubs, main services, shopping and nightlife. The harbour has undergone major regeneration including the new Albert Strange Pontoons,〔 〕 a more pedestrian-friendly promenade, street lighting and seating. The North Bay has traditionally been the more peaceful end of the resort and is home to Peasholm Park which in June 2007 was restored to its Japanese-themed glory, complete with reconstructed pagoda.〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Peasholm Park Friends – Scarborough UK – History )〕 For many years, a mock maritime battle (based on the Battle of the River Plate) has been regularly re-enacted on the boating lake with large model boats and fireworks throughout the summer holiday season. The North Bay Railway is a miniature railway which runs from the park through Northstead Manor Gardens to the Sea Life Centre at Scalby Mills. The North Bay Railway has what is believed to be the oldest operational diesel hydraulic locomotive in the world. Neptune was built in 1931 by Hudswell Clarke of Leeds and is conveniently numbered 1931. Northstead Manor Gardens includes the North Bay Railway, and three other attractions: a water chute, a boating lake with boats for hire during the summer season, and an Open Air Theatre. The Lord Mayor of London opened the theatre in 1932, and audiences flocked to see ''Merrie England'', the first production to be staged at the outdoor venue. Productions were put on during the summer seasons until musicals ceased in 1968 after ''West Side Story'' apart from a YMCA production in 1982. In 1977 the dressing rooms and stage set building on the island were demolished and the seating removed. The last concert to be held at the Open Air Theatre before it closed in 1986 was James Last and his orchestra. Scarborough's Open Air Theatre was reopened on Friday 23 July 2010 by Queen Elizabeth II with an operatic concert starring José Carreras and Dame Kiri Te Kanawa, accompanied by the Opera North Orchestra, concluding with a firework display. North Bay and South Bay are linked by Marine Drive, an extensive Victorian promenade, built around the base of the headland. Overlooking both bays is Scarborough Castle, which was bombarded by the German warships and in the First World War. Both bays have popular sandy beaches and numerous rock-pools at low tide. The South Cliff Promenade is situated above the Spa and South Cliff Gardens, commands excellent views of the South Bay and old town. Its splendid Regency and Victorian terraces are still intact, with a mix of quality hotels and apartments. The ITV television drama ''The Royal'' and its recent spin-off series, ''The Royal Today'', were both filmed in the area. The South Bay has the largest illuminated "star disk" anywhere in the UK. It is across and is fitted with subterranean lights representing the 42 brightest stars and major constellations that can be seen from Scarborough in the northern skies.〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Scarborough Star Disc )〕 File:Scarborough in snow.JPG|Scarborough in snow File:Scarborough2.jpg|The South Bay File:scarboroughwithbridge.JPG|Spa Bridge (footbridge) File:The Grand Hotel.jpg|The Grand Hotel File:Scarbbelle.jpg|The "Belle" at Scarborough Lighthouse 2007 File:Scarborough, North Yorkshire - WWI poster.jpg|First World War recruitment poster depicting the effects of the German bombardment of Scarborough in 1914 File::The Spa and the Grand Hotel, Scarborough - geograph.org.uk - 807308.jpg|The Spa and the Grand Hotel To the south-west of the town, beside the York to Scarborough railway line, is an ornamental lake known as Scarborough Mere. During the 20th century, the Mere was a popular park, with rowing boats, canoes and a miniature pirate ship – the ''Hispaniola'' – on which passengers were taken to "Treasure Island" to dig for doubloons. Since the late 1990s the Mere has been redesigned as a natural space for picnics, fishing and walkers, with "Treasure Island" which is now not visited. In 2012 a new snack bar was built alongside the Mere. The lake is now part of the Oliver's Mount Country Park and the ''Hispaniola'' now sails out of Scarborough Harbour during the summer season. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Scarborough, North Yorkshire」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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